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Chapter 20: Global Marketing



True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 

Some Canadian companies depend so heavily on their ability to sell their products abroad that the majority of their revenue comes from sales to customers in other countries.
 

 2. 

Canada is a large enough market to sustain any company based in this country.
 

 3. 

A nation has a favourable balance of trade when the value of its exports exceeds the value of its imports.  It has a favourable balance of payments when more money goes out of the country than flows into the country.
 

 4. 

A country has several options with regard to its exchange rate.  It can fix it, it can let it float, it can devalue it, or it can revalue it.
 

 5. 

Freer trade generally leads to economic growth.
 

 6. 

Absolute advantage is common but comparative advantage is rare, which is why it is a more desirable state.
 

 7. 

Firms that are classified as “not committed” to global marketing are those that do no international business at all and those that export occasionally to get rid of excess product.
 

 8. 

Firms that adopt a polycentric approach to global marketing assume that multiple marketing approaches can be applied to many countries and therefore that marketing mixes can be shared within large regions of the world.
 

 9. 

Taso Fixtures supplies nails to a large firm, Durable Housing, which uses them to build prefabricated houses.  Although Taso is not involved or even committed to international business, it can be classified as being involved in “indirect exporting and importing” because Durable Housing markets its prefabricated houses to Third World countries.
 

 10. 

Foreign licensing grants foreign marketers the right to use a domestic company’s trademark, patent, or process in a specified geographic area.
 

 11. 

Of all of the modes of international activity, a joint venture requires the greatest investment in global enterprise.
 

 12. 

A multinational corporation is a firm that has entered the international marketplace by exporting its products to a foreign market.
 

 13. 

Once a firm decides to examine the feasibility of international activity, it should begin by scanning possible markets, starting with those that are geographically close, similar in language and culture, or familiar to company officials.
 

 14. 

For a variety of cultural and environmental reasons, just because a foreign country has a larger population than a firm’s home country, it doesn’t mean that the foreign market represents a larger market for the firm’s product.
 

 15. 

A systematic market assessment is even more important in marketing to another country than to your own country because you have knowledge and experience in your own country.
 

 16. 

Although each country has the authority to pass its own laws regarding international trade and marketing, most have adopted similar legislation in recent years due to the existence of the World Trade Organization.
 

 17. 

The Competition Act bans cartels both domestically and internationally.
 

 18. 

The best approach to pricing in international market is the simplest approach, cost-plus.
 

 19. 

Marketing communication messages for foreign markets should be developed, or at least reviewed, locally, in order minimize misinterpretation.
 

 20. 

The Canadian government only has trade officers in its largest embassies and consulates around the world.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 21. 

International trade is vital to a nation and its business for all of the following reasons except
a.
it increases the number of jobs in the home market.
b.
it helps regulate a country’s exchange rate.
c.
it is the only way that some firms can compete in the global marketplace.
d.
it expands the market for a country’s or a firm’s products, allowing for increased production and distribution economies.
 

 22. 

Global competition now affects all of the following types of Canadian businesses except
a.
farming.
b.
retailing.
c.
wholesaling.
d.
All of the above are affected by global competition.
 

 23. 

Canada’s chief trading partner, supplying about 76 percent of our imports and buying about 79 percent of our exports, is
a.
the Commonwealth (U.K., Australia, New Zealand, etc.).
b.
the European Union (15 European countries).
c.
the United States.
d.
the Pacific Rim (China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, etc.).
 

 24. 

A country’s balance of trade is determined by the relationship between a country’s _____________, while its balance of payments relates to the _____________ .
a.
exports and imports; flow of money into or out of the country
b.
international goods and services; exchange rate and cash reserves
c.
international sales and domestic sales; deficits and surpluses
d.
exports and imports; deficits and surpluses
 

 25. 

Changes in exchange rates
a.
have a significant impact on both the balance of trade and the balance of payments.
b.
have a significant impact on the balance of trade but not the balance of payments.
c.
have a significant impact on the balance of payments but not the balance of trade.
d.
have no impact on either the balance of trade or the balance of payments.
 

 26. 

The principle of comparative advantage supports the idea that
a.
firms should behave in a way that is contrary to the way they operate in their domestic market in order to gain competitive advantage in foreign markets.
b.
self-sufficiency is a country’s greatest long-term advantage in the global marketplace.
c.
countries should concentrate on what they produce best and then trade these products for products that other countries produce best.
d.
none of the above.
 

 27. 

For many years, it was believed that South Africa was the world’s only source of high-grade, non-industrial quality diamonds.  This gave South Africa a(n) _____________ in the global marketplace.
a.
comparative advantage
b.
absolute advantage
c.
periodic advantage
d.
sustainable advantage
 

 28. 

A country might choose to produce a product in which it does not have a comparative advantage for which one of the following reasons?
a.
to be as self-sufficient as possible
b.
to invest in developing an item with the potential for a comparative advantage
c.
to ensure that it has certain items readily available, like weapons for defense purposes
d.
all of the above
 

 29. 

A firm that takes an ethnocentric approach to global marketing
a.
can be classified as “not-committed” to global marketing.
b.
tries to replicate its way of doing business in its home market in foreign markets.
c.
assumes that every country is different and that a specific marketing approach is needed for each country.
d.
recognizes that countries with similar cultures and economic conditions can be served with a similar marketing mix.
 

 30. 

Exporting occurs when a firm
a.
permits a foreign company to produce and distribute its products.
b.
maintains a separate marketing or selling operation in a foreign country.
c.
shares the risk, costs, and management of its foreign operation with partners who are nationals of the foreign country.
d.
produces a product in its home country but sells it in foreign markets.
 

 31. 

A partnership in which two or more companies share the work, costs, and rewards of a major project is a
a.
foreign partnership.
b.
reciprocal partnership.
c.
joint venture.
d.
cooperative industry.
 

 32. 

Before deciding to “go international”, a company needs to have
a.
adequate resources.
b.
management commitment.
c.
a viable product.
d.
all of the above.
 

 33. 

The elements of culture (language, religion, vales and attitudes, manners and customs, etc.) are
a.
common denominators for learning about and understanding the way of life for a group of people.
b.
generally impossible to fully grasp.
c.
quite common in large regions of the world.
d.
not usually the cause behind the failure of international businesses.
 

 34. 

The strategic components of a firm’s marketing mix in an international market are
a.
product, packaging, and promotional materials.
b.
distribution, shipping, and transportation logistics.
c.
product, distribution, promotion, and price.
d.
exchange rates and distribution logistics.
 

 35. 

The simplest form of multinational economic integration is the
a.
free-trade area.
b.
customary union.
c.
common market.
d.
economic union.
 

 36. 

An economic union
a.
goes beyond a common market.
b.
is a customs union.
c.
goes beyond a political union.
d.
none of the above
 

 37. 

This agreement among the United States, Canada, and Mexico removes trade restrictions among them over a period of 14 years.
a.
GATT
b.
NAFTA
c.
MERCOSUR
d.
The EU
 

 38. 

Protective tariffs are used by countries to
a.
raise the retail price of imported products to match or exceed that of similar domestic products.
b.
counter the effects of revenue tariffs on the domestic market.
c.
stabilize the prices of imported goods.
d.
ban sales of certain types of imported products.
 

 39. 

A trade restriction that limits the number of units of a certain good that can enter  a country is known as
a.
an embargo.
b.
a trade limit.
c.
an import quota.
d.
an exchange limit.
 

Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
 

 40. 

International product and promotion strategies do not depend on
 a.
the needs of the customers in the foreign markets.
 b.
the distribution system in the domestic market.
 c.
the competitive conditions in the foreign markets.
 d.
the way the foreign customers are used to buying a given product category.
 



 
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